How Does Authorship Work in the Age of AI? This Study Reveals the Answers

The rise of LLMs is creating a situation wherein massive quantities of text can be generated basically at the drop of a hat. In spite of the fact that this is the case, it’s not always clear what people think about the question of authorship in this brave new world.

LLMs use human generated text in their algorithms and for training purposes, and they can be tweaked to mimic a particular writing style down to the last letter, so the question of authorship is a pertinent one with all things having been considered and taken into account. Hence, researchers working at the Institute for Informatics at LMU tried to find an answer to this question.

Test participants were divided into two groups, and both were asked to write post cards. One group had to write these postcards on their own, whereas the other was able to use an LLM to get the job done. When the postcards were written, test participants were asked to upload them and provided some context on authorship.

With all of that having been said and now out of the way, it is important to note that people felt more strongly about their own authorship if they were more heavily involved in the creative process. However, it bears mentioning that many of the people that used LLMs still credited themselves as authors which is rather similar to ghostwriting in several ways.

This just goes to show that perceived ownership and authorship don’t necessarily go hand in hand. If the writing style was close enough to their own, participants had no problem whatsoever with trying to claim that the writing in question was theirs.

The authorship question is pertinent because of the fact that this is the sort of thing that could potentially end up determining whether or not people trust the content that they read online. The willingness of participants to put their own name on a piece of text that was generated almost entirely by AI goes to show that much of the content online may very well end up being created through LLMs, and readers might not know about it. The key is transparency, though it remains to be seen whether or not people using LLMs would be willing to declare it.

Read next: This GenAI Prism Highlights the Expansive Universe of Generative AI Tools
by Zia Muhammad via Digital Information World

America’s Most Popular CEOs Revealed

CEOs are some of the most powerful people in America, but in spite of the fact that this is the case, not all of them are widely beloved by their employees. The professional social network known as Blind recently compiled data regarding which CEOs are the most popular and which ones are despised by their workers.

With all of that having been said and now out of the way, it is important to note that Jensen Huang of Nvidia claimed the top spot with a 96% approval rating. He’s the only CEO to surpass the 90% mark, and his high score was likely buoyed by his ability to get through the economic turmoil of the past two years without conducting mass layoffs.

There is also a correlation between stock price and CEO approval, and when Nvidia managed to capitalize on the rise of AI, its stock price tripled in value which clearly boosted the CEO’s approval ratings with all things having been considered and taken into account. The same goes for Doug McMillon, CEO of Walmart, who managed to reach an 88% approval rating for 2023.

It bears mentioning that out of all of the Big 5 tech companies in the world, only Tim Cook ended up in the top ten list with an approval rating of 83%. He is eclipsed by Nikesh Arora in third place with 84%, and Ali Ghodsi of Databricks equalled him with 83%.

On the other end of the spectrum, Erik Nordstrom of Nordstrom reached the bottom of the rankings with a 0% approval rating. He shares this dubious distinction with David Goeckeler of Western Digital, with both companies laying off hundreds of employees which likely sparked a wave of backlash and negative sentiment.

Evan Spiegel, CEO of Snap, slashed the company’s workforce by around 20%, which resulted in him receiving just 3% of votes from employees who thought his performance was satisfactory. Linda Yaccarino, who is currently replacing Elon Musk as CEO of X, also got an abysmal 4%. This might be due to the turmoil occurring over at the platform and company formerly known as Twitter, with Yaccarino potentially receiving a lot of flack for the platform losing major advertisers even though this happened because of Elon Musk.

Read next: GenAI Prism: This Infographic Illuminates the Expansive Universe of Generative AI Tools
by Zia Muhammad via Digital Information World

GenAI Prism: This Infographic Illuminates the Expansive Universe of Generative AI Tools

Embarking on the forefront of this year's tech narrative is the undeniable dominance of Generative AI. As industry heavyweights strategically deploy their resources, a crescendo of investments materializes, each aimed at unraveling the profound shifts orchestrated by cutting-edge generative AI projects.

OpenAI’s ChatGPT saw a lot of fame in 2023 and that was all for the right reasons. Many users use ChatGPT daily for responses related to their daily as well as professional life. ChatGPT helps them as efficiently as it could to find the solution for their queries.

There are also many Visual AI tools that made a significant impact in 2023. They were actively used to create digital art and many users used these AI tools in many industries for their work. Brian Solis in collaboration with JESS3 Design Studio created an infographic that shows all the generative AI tools used in 2023 for variety of tasks. The chart features about 100 AI tools that cover various aspects of the growing AI marketplace. Just for your information this is by no mean a complete/final list, as there are over 10,000 new generative AI projects that are currently being developed, showing how fast technology is going forward.

The graphic termed as GenAI Prism consists of 6 major categories. These categories include Sound, Design, Flows, Conversational, Text and Video. Then each of the categories were divided into 3-4 categories according to the work done by AI tools. The prism is designed in a way that terms the AI tools as innovative to exponential to experimental and to iterative, which will ultimately help users learn, communicate and grow. Now let’s talk some curated AI tools mentioned in each category of the prism.

1- Design:

The design category is augment and has been further divided into 3 categories: Image, Layout and Brand. The AI tools related to Image category include Dall-E, Bing Image Creator, Canva, Jasper, Adobe Firefly and Midjourney. The Layout category tools include Figma, Visual Eyes, Adobe Express and Microsoft Designer.

LogoAI, Khroma, DesignEnvo and DesignsAI were added in the category termed as Brands for branding and logo purposes.

All of the above AI tools are used in designing.

2- Flows:

The next category is called Flows and comprises further 3 categories: Productivity, Selfcare and Learning.

Fathom, Cogram and Clara are in the Productivity category. For Selfcare, Fitbot, sleep.ai and headspace are mentioned. In the Learning category, AI tools like Moises, Duolingo Max and Babbel are included. All of these AI-based tools help a lot in daily activities of people including their self care and learning.

3- Conversational:

These are mostly AI chatbots that use conversational language to answer the queries. With 3 categories like Service, Health/Personal and General, this category of prism is used by many.

The Service included AI tools like Tidio, Nice and Digital Genius. Wysa, Doctor Snooze and Replika belong to Health/Personal category. Calude.ai, ChatGPT, Google Bard, Microsoft Bing Chat and Grok are included in the General category.

4- Text:

Next comes the Text category which is solely about text written by AI tools. These AI tools are only used to write texts. They are divided into 4 categories and these categories include Coding, Copy, General/Prose and Chat. In Coding, AI tools like GitHub CoPilot, Tabnine, Amazon CodeWhisperer and Codesquire.ai are highlighted for programmers and developers.

Smartwriter.Ai, phrasee, Jasper and adcopy are used for marketing emails and other generative text material. In the General/Prose category, AI tools like Ginger (my favorite), Notion AI and Grammarly are used for general use. Bard, ChatGPT and Bing are included in Chat category.

5- Video:

For using AI tools to create videos, Pika, Pictory, Synthesia and HeyGen are included in the Creation category. For Animation, DeepMotion and Cascadeur are included. Visla, Descript and Topaz Video AI are used for editing videos using AI.

6- Sound:

Different types of AI tools are also used to generate sounds in one way or another. For Enhancement, Audo is best for enhancing audios using AI. Mubert, Soundful and Aiva are mentioned in the Music category as they are used to create AI music. In the Speech/Voice category, AI tools like FlikiAI, Uberduck, Revoicer and Vocify are included.

All of these AI Tools were trending in 2023. Now we will have to wait and see which new AI tools will be added in GenAI Prism in 2024.

Read next: Social Media's Future: Half of Users Eyeing Exit by 2025 Due to AI Concerns
by Arooj Ahmed via Digital Information World

Mastering the Money Game - A Glimpse into America's Shifting Landscape of 2024 Resolutions

As America gets ready for 2024, there's something big cooking in the realm of New Year resolutions. Forget the usual promises to sweat it out in the gym or become best friends with kale—fresh data from Statista's Consumer Insights survey spills the beans on a new resolution champ: mastering the money game.

Now, the limelight is squarely on saving more money, pushing aside the usual health-focused goals. The survey paints a clear picture of a society that's all about financial dreams, leaving treadmills and salad bowls in the dust.

Digging deeper, there are other resolutions elbowing their way into the spotlight. Stress-busting from the daily grind and a real effort to break free from the clutches of social media each claim a solid 19 percent of the resolution pie. Meanwhile, the less flashy goals of cutting down on alcohol (13 percent) and hopping onto the vegetarian/vegan train (3 percent) find themselves playing second fiddle.

• Also read: 5 In 10 Social Media Users Eyeing Exit by 2025 Due to AI Concerns

In tune with the big theme of being smart with money, a whopping one in four U.S. adults is shouting from the rooftops about wanting to tighten the belt on basic living expenses like food and energy in the coming year.

Taking a broader peek into American savings culture, a previous Statista survey from the vaults of 2022 shines a light on the areas that took a hit during economic turbulence. The trifecta of sacrifices includes slashing contracts and subscriptions (66 percent), downsizing the wardrobe budget (42 percent), and waving goodbye to the good times at bars, cafes, and restaurants (39 percent). This, my friends, is the ongoing tale of resolutions and financial street smarts in the always-changing world of American dreams.

Chart: DIW

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by Irfan Ahmad via Digital Information World

These Are the Biggest Challenges Facing Digital Advertisers in 2024

Media challenges are becoming ever more prevalent for digital advertisers, and a survey conducted by YouGov as part of the yearly US Industry Pulse report has revealed which problems are the most pertinent of all. It turns out that the biggest issue facing this industry has to do with the likelihood that their ads might end up being shown next to content that is risky. Misinformation is another dangerous type of content that digital advertisers are looking to steer clear of.

With all of that having been said and now out of the way, it is important to note that social media in general will be facing challenges due to this very reason. 47% of the digital media experts who were surveyed agreed with this sentiment, with 38% saying that digital video is in for a rough time. In spite of the fact that this is the case, it appears that social media is also ripe for innovation with all things having been considered and taken into account. 50% of survey respondents pointed to it as having the most potential for innovation in 2024.

Priorities are beginning to change in this brave new world, with 83% of professionals working in digital advertising saying that their main focus is viewability. However, 80% also indicated that they are placing a lot of stock in risk mitigation because of the fact that this is the sort of thing that could potentially end up reducing the likelihood of the aforementioned issues. Unsurprisingly, attention was selected as a priority by 79% of survey respondents.

There has also been a shift in opinions regarding who should be in charge of risk mitigation. In 2023, 35% said that this should be the purview of brands themselves, but now, 37% feel that brands should start taking matters into their own hands. This may be due to a lack of trust in social media to regulate itself, since the explosion of misinformation makes the industry harder to trust than might have been the case otherwise.

The same goes for ad fraud mitigation as well, with 38% saying that brands should be responsible. This is up from 32% that said the same last year, although 40% said that verification technology providers should be responsible for it which is a six point increase from 34% in 2023.

Read next: Social Media Users' Self-Perceptions Don't Align With How Others Perceive Them, Leading to Misconceptions
by Zia Muhammad via Digital Information World

52% of People Believe Robots Will Replace Humans in 3 Decades According to This Study

There is so much focus on whether or not AI will end up replacing us that a similar but distinct question has ended up falling by the wayside. This question revolves around robots which don’t necessarily have anything to do with AI but which can nevertheless replace humans in a wide range of occupations with all things having been considered and taken into account.

Researchers at the Brookings Institution conducted a survey (recently) of over 2,000 Americans in order to ascertain how they feel. With all of that having been said and now out of the way, it is important to note that 52% of the people that responded to this survey were of the opinion that robots will be performing most jobs involving physical labor in the next 30 years.

19% stated that this is extremely likely, 33% said it was somewhat likely, and just 23% said that it wasn’t all that likely. Interestingly enough, people between the ages of 35 and 54 were the strongest believers of this sentiment. 21% of them said it was very likely, compared to just 17% of people between 18 and 34 and 18% of people aged 55 and above saying the same.

It bears mentioning that around 32% said that this should be regulated by the federal government because of the fact that this is the sort of thing that could potentially end up keeping jobs intact. However, a similar proportion, or 29% to be exact, said that they wouldn’t want any type of regulation whatsoever.

This seems to suggest that Americans are split on this particular issue, although younger individuals are more likely to want regulation. 39% of survey respondents between the ages of 18 and 34 said that they wanted regulation, compared to 31% of people between 35 and 54 and just 25% of people who were over the age of 55.

61% of people that answered questions presented to them in this survey said that they might not be comfortable working with robots. That will be a prime concern, since the level of comfort that people feel while working alongside robots will make their rise more or less likely than might have been the case otherwise based on wherever people land. 42% said that they won’t be willing to pay more than $250 for a robot, which might put a financial squeeze on the industry.

Read next: Social Media Users' Self-Perceptions Don't Align With How Others Perceive Them, Leading to Misconceptions
by Zia Muhammad via Digital Information World

Social Media Users' Self-Perceptions Don't Align With How Others Perceive Them, Leading to Misconceptions

A new study found that social media posts about a person like their status can lead to some misconceptions. This is because many social media posts lack context and the people viewing the posts see the person in a different light. The study also showed that people who see the social media posts of a person think that the person is open to sharing his personal life and has low self-esteem, that's why he posts on social media.

The researchers brought out the question of whether people can guess about a person’s personality and their lives from their social media posts. The answer to that is no. What people perceive about a person from their Facebook status is different from what the person is in real life. Users who frequently post about their lives say that they perceive themselves differently from their social media posts.

Photo: DIW - AI-gen

The team of this survey gathered 158 undergraduate students and questioned them about different characteristics like extraversion, independence, interdependence, openness, and self-esteem. They were also asked to show their last 20 Facebook status. The statuses were reviewed by two groups. One group reviewed images, links, and other multimedia formats while the other group reviewed only text. This study concluded that viewers had a different perception of users than the users had of themselves. For instance, many users said that they do not find themselves open and have lower self-esteem while the viewers saw them as such. Many users also said that the real reason why they use social media is to find connections with individuals.

On the other hand, the group who was observing only multimedia updates of the users had similar views about the users that the users had of themselves. This means that instead of text, users present them more accurately in the form of images and other forms of multimedia. This way the viewers perceive them more correctly than they perceive about users through text.

Table: doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294990

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by Arooj Ahmed via Digital Information World